Concanavalin A (Con A)‐induced hepatitis is thought to be a T‐cell‐mediated disease with active destruction of liver cells. Interleukin (IL)‐17 is a cytokine produced principally by CD4+ T cells. However, whether IL‐17/IL‐17 receptor (IL‐17/IL‐17R)‐mediated responses are involved in T‐cell‐mediated Con A‐induced liver injury remains unclear. In this study, we found that IL‐17 expression was highly elevated in liver tissues during Con A‐induced hepatitis. The increased levels of IL‐17 were paralleled with the severity of liver injury reflected by Alanine aminotransaminase and histological assay as well as the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and IL‐6. Blockage of IL‐17 significantly ameliorated Con A‐induced hepatitis, while overexpression of IL‐17 systemically resulted in massive hepatocyte necrosis in mice. Furthermore, overexpression of an IL‐17R immunoglobulin G1 fusion protein significantly attenuated liver inflammation after acute Con A treatment. High expression of IL‐17R on Kupffer cells was also observed along with the production of cytokines including TNF‐α and IL‐6. Inhibition of Kupffer cells by gadolinium chloride completely prevented Con A‐induced liver injury and cytokine release. Finally, IL‐17‐expressing CD4+ T and natural killer T cells were greatly increased in Con A‐injected mice compared with that in controls. Overall, our results indicate that IL‐17R signaling is critically involved in the pathogenesis in Con A‐induced hepatitis, and blockade of IL‐17/IL‐17R signaling pathway may represent a novel therapeutic intervention in human autoimmune‐related hepatitis.