Alprazolam, when added under double-blind conditions to a stable neuroleptic regimen in two patients with schizophrenia, resulted in clinically apparent improvement in positive and negative schizophrenic symptoms. Both patients showed significant worsening of symptoms following reduction or discontinuation of aiprazolam. (Am J Psychiatry 143 : 85-87, 1986) with a neuroleptic under double-blind conditions reduced both the “positive” (e.g., hallucinations and delusions) and the “negative” (e.g., withdrawal and blunted or inappropriate affect) symptoms in two inpatients with schizophrenia. Moreover, the beneficial effects of alprazolam were reversed on reduction or discontinuation of the drug.