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Geophysical Research Letters
Article . 1995 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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Slow inflation of the Furnas Volcano, São Miguel, Azores, suggested from initial leveling and global positioning system measurements

Authors: Freysteinn Sigmundsson; Eysteinn Tryggvason; Maria Madalena Alves; Jose Luiz Alves; Karl Pálsson; Halldór Ólafsson;

Slow inflation of the Furnas Volcano, São Miguel, Azores, suggested from initial leveling and global positioning system measurements

Abstract

The Furnas volcano, São Miguel island, Azores is an active stratovolcano, with a 6‐km‐diameter caldera. In order to mitigate volcanic risk in the area, crustal deformation research based on optical leveling tilt measurements and lake leveling was initiated at the volcano in 1991. Progressive tilt as high as 4 µrad/yr has been observed, but the measurements do not all fit a simple model. The Global Positioning System (GPS) was used to measure a network of fourteen stations at the volcano in 1993, and again in 1994. Horizontal displacements in the one year period between the surveys are less than 1 cm, but significant with 95% confidence. Stations are being displaced away from the caldera and strain analysis indicates areal dilation of 0.84±0.40 µstrain/yr of the volcanic edifice. The areal dilation can be explained by slight inflation of the volcano. The location of the center of inflation is rather uncertain, but based on both the GPS and the leveling data the preferred location is in the northern part of the caldera. A central uplift rate of >7 mm/year is suggested.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
23
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
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