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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Geophysic...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres
Article . 1993 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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A simple model of Birkeland currents

Authors: David P. Stern;

A simple model of Birkeland currents

Abstract

A simple representation of the global circuit of Birkeland currents is developed, based on a representation of the current density j in terms of Euler potentials (αχ). The underlying magnetic field, which shares with j the potential α, is assumed to be dipolar, making the model applicable mainly to region 2 Birkeland currents, although a similar approach could also be used for region 1. A form of j is chosen that gives a current sheet with peak outflow at dawn and peak inflow at dusk (or vice versa), connected across a flat polar cap sheet. The current is further assumed to flow in a thin layer enclosing the dipole fieldline surface L=10, and to close symmetrically across noon and midnight. To produce the asymmetry expected of the partial ring current, a (full) ring current jRC is added to the configuration, and a suitable function G(γ) defining the currents was selected. The field of the current sheet is then numerically derived by Biot‐Savart integration and the magnetic scalar potential Ψ, which consists of a cosϕ component and an axisymmetrical one, is approximated in three regions of space. It is found that the superposition of harmonics of the same type, centered at different “foci,” provided a flexible and powerful representation of harmonic functions, accurate here within less than 1%. Appendix A discusses the Euler potentials of the magnetic field B and Appendix B develops an interpolation formula by which current sheets of finite width could be consistently represented. Future plans are described for deforming configurations of this type to represent region 1 currents and for bypassing the tedious Biot‐Savart integration.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
13
Average
Top 10%
Top 10%
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