This article describes the surgical technique of arthroscopy of the ankle and the indications for its use. In addition to describing the common anterolateral and anteromedial arthroscopic portals, a discussion is also given regarding portal anatomy of ankle arthroscopy and the various neurovascular structures that lie in close proximity to the arthroscopic portals. Arthroscopy of the ankle has a definite role in the management of certain lesions of the ankle, such as loose bodies, or osteochondral or chondral defects of the talus. Ankle arthroscopy is a technically demanding surgical procedure and great attention to detail is required to perform this procedure in a safe and reproducible fashion.