When used properly, anesthesia machines, breathing systems, anesthesia ventilators, and ancillary equipment allow the safe and efficient use of the inhalant anesthetics. Several veterinary anesthesia machines and ventilators have been introduced over the last few years. This article includes a discussion of some of these new pieces of anesthesia equipment, with particular emphasis on changes and innovations in the design of the equipment. In addition, principles of use and care of various anesthetic equipment is included where appropriate.