Delirium is a common feature of the postoperative period, leading to increased morbidity and mortality and significant costs. Multiple factors predispose a patient to delirium in its hypoactive, hyperactive, or mixed forms. Tools have been validated for its quick and accurate identification to ensure timely and effective multidisciplinary intervention and treatment. A significant percentage of patients may require placement in skilled nursing facilities or similar care environments because of the long-lasting effects. The physician must be vigilant in the search for and identification of all forms of delirium and must effectively treat the underlying medical condition and symptoms.