
Electron back-scattered diffraction in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy was employed to investigate the crystallographic nature of bainitic laths formed at relatively low transformation temperatures where a nanostructured bainite forms. It was revealed that the bainitic ferrite laths are close to the Nishiyama–Wasserman orientation relationship with the parent austenite. Furthermore, the temperature showed a significant effect on the retained austenite characteristics and the variant selection of the bainitic ferrite laths. A decrease in temperature generally refined the bainitic structure and weakened the variant selection.
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