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A importância da dispneia no diagnóstico da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica – uma análise descritiva de uma coorte estável em Portugal (ensaio clínico SAFE)

Authors: Bárbara, C; Moita, J; Cardoso, J; Costa, R; Redondeiro, R; Gaspar, M;

A importância da dispneia no diagnóstico da doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica – uma análise descritiva de uma coorte estável em Portugal (ensaio clínico SAFE)

Abstract

ResumoIntroduçãoEste estudo teve como objectivo determinar os principais sintomas percepcionados pelos doentes com doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica (DPOC) numa coorte de doentes que participaram num grande ensaio clínico, que avaliou o tiotrópio e que decorreu em Portugal.População e métodosA caracterização dos sintomas, no momento de avaliação basal dos doentes foi efectuada através do recurso a um questionário padronizado. Os doentes foram inquiridos quanto aos principais sintomas que tinham levado ao diagnóstico e também quanto ao sintoma actual mais problemático.ResultadosOs resultados foram obtidos de 298 doentes, maioritariamente masculinos (95%), que apresentavam, uma média (desvio padrão) de volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo basal de 1,1 (0,4) L (40,6 [13.3] % do valor preditivo), uma duração média da doença de 14,4 (10,1) anos e uma carga tabágica de 55,1 (25,3) unidades maço ano. A dispneia foi o sintoma mais frequentemente reportado, como tendo sido o sintoma que levou ao diagnóstico da doença (55,0% de doentes), seguindo-se-lhe a tosse (33,2%). A dispneia foi também o sintoma actual mais problemático (82,6%), seguindo-se-lhe também a tosse (8,4%). A presença de dispneia ou tosse foi independente da gravidade da DPOC. As comorbilidades mais frequentemente reportadas foram as doenças cardiovasculares (49% dos doentes), gastrointestinais (20%) e metabólicas (16%), principalmente a diabetes mellitus.ConclusõesEsta análise confirma a importância da dispneia como o sintoma mais comum que leva ao diagnóstico inicial da DPOC e o sintoma actual mais problemático para os doentes. As comorbilidades são comuns entre os doentes com DPOC, pelo que a espirometria deve ser realizada nos doentes que apresentem dispneia associada às patologias mais frequentes.AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine patient-perceived characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients participating in a large trial evaluating tiotropium bromide.Patients and methodsBaseline symptoms were assessed by means of a standardized questionnaire. Patients reported symptoms that led to diagnosis as well as their current most troublesome symptom.ResultsData were obtained from 298 patients, mostly male (95%), with mean (standard deviation) baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 second of 1.1 (0.4) L (40.6 [13.3] % of predicted), mean disease duration of 14.4 (10.1) years and smoking history of 55.1 (25.3) pack-years. Dyspnoea was the most frequently reported symptom leading to COPD diagnosis (55.0% of patients), followed by cough (33.2%). Dyspnoea was also the current most troublesome symptom (82.6%), followed by cough (8.4%). The presence of dyspnoea or cough was independent of COPD severity. The most commonly reported co-morbidities were cardiovascular disorders (49% of patients), gastrointestinal disorders (20%) and metabolic disorders (16%), mainly diabetes mellitus.ConclusionsThis analysis confirms the importance of dyspnoea as the most common symptom leading to initial COPD diagnosis and the symptom most troublesome to patients. Co-morbidities are common among COPD patients, and hence spirometric testing is appropriate in a patient who presents with dyspnoea associated with such a condition.

Keywords

Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Portugal, RC705-779, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Doença pulmonar obstrutiva crónica, Comorbidites, Comorbilidades, Dispneia, Diseases of the respiratory system, Dyspnoea, Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crónica, DPOC

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