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Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Article . 2014 . Peer-reviewed
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Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
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Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia
Article . 2014
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Efeitos cardiovasculares do receptor tipo 2 da angiotensina

Authors: Gabriel Faria-Costa; Adelino Leite‐Moreira; Tiago Henriques‐Coelho;

Efeitos cardiovasculares do receptor tipo 2 da angiotensina

Abstract

Resumo: O recetor da angiotensina do tipo 2, AT2R, tem vindo a ser descrito como tendo ações opostas ao recetor da angiotensina do tipo 1, AT1R. Apesar do AT2R existir em baixas quantidades no adulto, a sua expressão sobe bastante em situações patológicas. O AT2R tem três grandes vias de sinalização: a ativação fosfátases de serina/treonina (promoção da apoptose celular e efeitos antioxidantes); ativação da via bradiquinina/NO/cGMP (promoção de vasodilatação) e ativação da fosfolípase A2 (associada ao controlo das correntes de potássio). O AT2R parece ter um efeito na remodelação vascular, na prevenção da aterosclerose e na descida da pressão sanguínea (quando associada a um inibidor do AT1R). Após enfarte do miocárdio, o AT2R parece diminuir o tamanho do enfarte, a hipertrofia cardíaca, a fibrose e aumentar a função cardíaca. Contudo, o seu papel a nível cardíaco é o mais controverso. A nível renal o AT2R promove a natriurese. Até agora, a terapêutica direcionada para o sistema renina‐angiotensina‐aldosterona é à base de inibidores da enzima de conversão da angiotensina (IECA) ou de inibidores do recetor da angiotensina tipo 1 (ARA). O estudo do AT2R foi revolucionado pela descoberta de um agonista direto, o C21, que promete integrar parte da terapêutica das doenças cardiovasculares. Abstract: The angiotensin type 2 receptor, AT2R, has been described as having opposite effects to the angiotensin type 1 receptor, AT1R. Although the quantities of the AT2R found in the adult are low, its expression rises in pathological situations. The AT2R has three major signaling pathways: activation of serine/threonine phosphatases (promoting apoptosis and antioxidant effects), activation of the bradykinin/NO/cGMP pathway (promoting vasodilation), and activation of phospholipase A2 (associated with regulation of potassium currents). The AT2R appears to have effects in vascular remodeling, atherosclerosis prevention and blood pressure lowering (when associated with an AT1R inhibitor). After myocardial infarction, the AT2R appears to decrease infarct size, cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis, and to improve cardiac function. However, its role in the heart is controversial. In the kidney, the AT2R promotes natriuresis. Until now, treatment directed at the renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system has been based on angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin type 1 receptor blockers. The study of the AT2R has been revolutionized by the discovery of a direct agonist, C21, which promises to become part of the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Palavras‐chave: Recetor da angiotensina tipo 2, Sistema renina‐angiotensina‐aldosterona, Sistema cardiovascular, Hipertensão, Enfarte agudo do miocárdio, Keywords: Angiotensin type 2 receptor, Renin‐angiotensin system, Cardiovascular system, Hypertension, Myocardial infarction

Related Organizations
Keywords

RC666-701, Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system

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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
25
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
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