Introduction: Fetal surgery is making huge strides in medicine due to the breakthroughs in prenatal medicine that have opened a window into early diagnosis of abnormalities which may be subject to prenatal interventions. Fetal interventional procedures range from minimally invasive surgery on the fetus, the placenta or membranes, to open techniques requiring laparotomy and maternal hysterectomy. Objective: A narrative review of anesthetic techniques used in fetal surgery. For that purpose, a non-systematic review of medical databases publications including MEDLINE, SciELO and EMBASE, was undertaken using the terms “anesthesia and fetal surgery” and restricted to the following types of publications: “Practice Guideline, Randomized Controlled Trial, Review”. Results: Minimally invasive procedures may be performed under local anesthesia or neuraxial techniques, with appropriate sedation of the mother, analgesia/anesthesia and fetal immobilization. The development of anesthetic techniques in this area should focus on minimizing maternal risk and preserving a normal neural development of the fetus. © 2012 Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. on behalf of Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiologia y Reanimacion.