
ResumenAntecedentesEl desarrollo de técnicas para la realización de una traqueostomía percutánea por dilatación (TPD) ha facilitado su implementación en las unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI).ObjetivoDescribir las complicaciones tempranas intra y postoperatorias en pacientes de cuidados intensivos que requirieron traqueostomía percutánea por dilatación utilizando la técnica Ciaglia Blue Rhino y que se realizaron sin la asistencia de fibrobroncoscopio.Pacientes y métodosSe revisaron de forma retrospectiva los registros cínicos de 80 pacientes durante un periodo de 3 años. Se registraron las variables demográficas, de severidad, días de ventilación mecánica antes del procedimiento y las complicaciones intraoperatorias y postoperatorias tempranas.ResultadosSe incluyeron 80 pacientes con una edad media de 61,5 (15-89) años (29 mujeres). La media de puntuación APACHEII fue 17,9. Los pacientes requirieron en promedio 11,6 días de ventilación mecánica antes de la TPD. El 11,6% presentó complicaciones intraoperatorias y el 9,1% complicaciones postoperatorias tempranas. En 2 pacientes se puncionó accidentalmente el tubo endotraqueal y 3 pacientes presentaron sangrado autolimitado del sitio de traqueostomía. Ninguna de las complicaciones representó un riesgo vital para los pacientes.ConclusionesLa TPD mediante la técnica Ciaglia Blue Rhino sin la asistencia de fibrobroncoscopio es un procedimiento con baja incidencia de complicaciones.AbstractBackgroundThe development of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy techniques (PDT) has facilitated the procedure in Intensive Care Units (ICU).ObjectiveTo describe the early intra and post-operative complications in ICU patients requiring percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy using the Ciaglia Blue Rhino technique, without fiber optic bronchoscopy.Patients and methodsWe collected data from eighty ICU patients during three years. The demographic variables were recorded, in addition to severity, number of days in mechanical ventilation prior to the procedure and intraoperative as well as early postoperative complications.ResultsEighty patients included, mean age 61.5 (15-89) years old (29 females). The mean APACHE II score was 17.9. In average, the patients required 11.6 days of mechanical ventilation prior to the PDT. 11.6% had intraoperative complications and 9.1% experienced early postoperative complications. In two patients the endotracheal tube was accidentally punctured and three patients had self-limiting bleeding at the tracheostomy site. None of the complications was life-threatening to the patients.ConclusionsPDT using the Ciaglia Blue Rhino technique, without fiber optic bronchoscope is a procedure with low incidence of complications.
Critical care, Tracheostomy, Artificial respiration, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bronchoscopy, Traqueostomía, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Cuidados críticos, Respiración artificial, Broncoscopia
Critical care, Tracheostomy, Artificial respiration, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Bronchoscopy, Traqueostomía, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Cuidados críticos, Respiración artificial, Broncoscopia
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