AbstractIn this study, in order to clarify the fatigue properties under compressive mean stresses statement and to establish the accurate evaluation method of fatigue properties of materials with compressive residual stress at surface applied by surface treatments, tension-compression fatigue tests were carried out under various kinds of compressive mean stresses by using ASTM CA6NM stainless cast steel with two kinds of modes, the load control mode and the strain control mode, respectively.In the case of tension-compression fatigue tests under the load control mode, the higher the compressive mean stress value, the higher the fatigue limit because the setting stress level was loaded simply if the compressive mean stress value beyond the compressive yield limit.In the case of tension-compression fatigue tests under the strain control mode, specimens yielded greatly at the first cycle of the fatigue tests, then the mean stress didn’t change to the tensile side with increasing the loading cycles and continued to load at the same stress level. As the results, the fatigue life decreased remarkably and specimens fractured early in comparison with a case of fatigue tests under the load control mode because shakedown behavior was occurred.