Wavefront sensing represents a novel diagnostic method to measure high-order aberrations. This technology has primarily been used in conjunction with excimer laser technology for performing wavefront-guided custom ablations, targeted at the correction of low- and high-order aberrations, while not inducing further high-order aberrations.Although this field of application remains predominant, wavefront sensing may also be used successfully in the diagnosis and detection of vision problems, as reported by patients, related to the presence of high-order aberrations. Currently, wavefront analysis represents the only diagnostic tool clinically available to explore all of the refraction and diffraction problems generated by the presence of high-order aberrations.