As described in the Lung Cancer Europe position article, the health care quality in the Netherlands is at a good level.50 Recent improvements include the organization of oncologic care in CCNs, centralization of specialist care, multidisciplinary tumor boards, and MTBs and the initiation of proton radiotherapy. Hospitals and CCNs can learn from each other on how to optimize care. National guidelines are in place for most tumor types and are frequently updated. As the treatment of lung cancer is becoming increasingly complex, discussions are also ongoing on how to optimize the training of physicians to deliver optimal lung cancer care. Nationwide studies in thoracic oncology, also with multidisciplinary collaboration, have been well-accruing for most indications. Initiatives (mobile applications) are also ongoing or already in place to provide easy access for health care providers and patients to rapidly identify ongoing trials throughout the Netherlands. Importantly, numerous challenges lie ahead, including the increasing demand to justify reimbursement of novel treatments and diagnostic tests, the continuing smoke prevention policy, and the necessity to acquire legislation for the initiation of lung cancer screening.