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</script>Respiratory complications are common after surgery. Several complex mechanisms such as postoperative diaphragmatic dysfunction, ventilation perfusion mismatching, atelectasis and pulmonary infection are responsible for such complications. Several scoring scales allow to evaluate the risk of postoperative pulmonary complications that depends especially of the surgical procedure performed (upper abdominal and thoracic surgery). Smoking cessation as soon as possible, chest physiotherapy, incitative spirometry and peroperative protective ventilation are the main preventive measures. Postoperative epidural analgesia plays a role but its impact is vanishing with the decreasing incidence of respiratory complications. Non-invasive ventilation, incitative spirometry and physiotherapy need to be maintained postoperatively in patients at risk.
Les complications respiratoires sont fréquentes après chirurgie. Leur mécanisme physiopathologique fait intervenir plusieurs éléments : dysfonction diaphragmatique, anomalie de distribution de la ventilation, atélectasies, infection broncho-pulmonaire. Plusieurs échelles de score permettent d’apprécier l’importance de ce risque. Les épreuves fonctionnelles respiratoires sont en revanche inutiles dans cet objectif. La prévention des complications repose sur l’arrêt du tabac, la kinésithérapie et la spirométrie incitative ainsi que sur la ventilation protectrice peropératoire. En postopératoire l’analgésie péridurale conserve un impact sur la morbidité respiratoire moindre que dans les années précédentes. Les techniques de kinésithérapie, de spirométrie incitative et de VNI ont également un bénéfice démontré.
Postoperative complications, Respiratory complications, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Atélectasie, Atelectasis, Complications postopératoires, Complications respiratoires
Postoperative complications, Respiratory complications, [SDV.MHEP.PSR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract, Atélectasie, Atelectasis, Complications postopératoires, Complications respiratoires
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