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Journal of Environmental Sciences
Article . 2017 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Crossref
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Research.fi
Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Research.fi
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A zero-valent iron and organic matter mixture enhances herbicide and herbicide degradation product removal in subsurface waters

Authors: Kerminen, Kaisa Aino Maria; Salovaara, Ville; Kontro, Merja Hannele;

A zero-valent iron and organic matter mixture enhances herbicide and herbicide degradation product removal in subsurface waters

Abstract

The pesticide atrazine, its degradation products, and 2,6-dichlorobenzamide (BAM) are persistent in groundwater environment. We studied whether their dissipation can be enhanced with a mixture of a complex carbon source and zero-valent iron (ZVI) called EHC®. The application rates were 1.0% and 2.0% (by weight) in subsurface sediments slurries (atrazine 30mg/L), and 2.0% in 1.5m pilot-scale sediment columns with groundwater flowing through (atrazine 0.08, desethylatrazine DEA 0.03, BAM 0.02μg/L). In the slurries under aerobic conditions, atrazine of 0.88±0.14mg/g of EHC® was dissipated chemically, as concentrations did not differ significantly between the slurries and their sterilized controls. No degradation occurred in the slurries under anaerobic conditions. In the pilot-scale columns under water-saturated conditions, atrazine, DEA and BAM were not detected in effluents during 33, 64 and 64days from the beginning of the water flow through EHC® columns, respectively, but thereafter traces of compounds could be detected. No atrazine or degradation products (BAM, DEA, deisopropylatrazine, desethyldeisopropylatrazine) could be extracted from the column sediments at the end of the experiment. As a result, the sum of dissipated pesticides was about 7.6μg/g of EHC® in columns under water-saturated conditions, and 0.88mg/g of EHC® in slurries under aerobic conditions. EHC® can be used to enhance the dissipation of studied pesticides in small quantities, preferentially under aerobic conditions.

Country
Finland
Related Organizations
Keywords

Environmental sciences, Herbicides, Iron, Fresh Water, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, Water Pollutants, Chemical

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Average
Average
Top 10%
Green
bronze