Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with poor outcome mainly because of relapse. The best antileukemic treatment is allogeneic stem cell transplantation. However, the associated significant nonrelapse mortality limits both the application and outcome of the procedure. Recent advances in understanding the genetic landscape of the disease enable educated selection of patients. Improved treatment protocols, supportive therapy, patient selection, and posttransplant manipulations all contribute to a better outcome.