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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao FMC - Formación Médi...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
FMC - Formación Médica Continuada en Atención Primaria
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Crossref
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Profilaxis postexposición: cómo minimizar riesgos

Authors: Purificación Robles Raya; María Luisa Morató Agustí;

Profilaxis postexposición: cómo minimizar riesgos

Abstract

Puntos para una lectura rapida • Llamamos profilaxis postexposicion (PPE) a todas aquellas medidas que debemos tomar lo mas pronto posible ante una probable exposicion a un agente infeccioso para evitar que este contacto derive en infeccion y propagacion. • Tenemos diversas herramientas para la PPE: fisicas (lavado de manos y utensilios, mascarillas, etc.), quimicas (insecticidas, antisepticos, antimicrobianos) y la inmunizacion pasiva (inmunoglobulinas) y activa (vacunas). • La PPE siempre sera mas sencilla si el contacto esta correctamente inmunizado (con la vacuna y dosis adecuadas, respetando el intervalo minimo entre ellas) e incluso en algunas ocasiones puede no precisarla. • La vacuna tambien puede estar indicada en el control de brotes (difteria, enfermedad meningococica, enfermedad invasora por Haemophilus influenzae tipo b, hepatitis A, rubeola, parotiditis, etc.). • Se recomienda administrar la PPE en el plazo mas breve posible tras la exposicion y aprovechar para actualizar el calendario vacunal. • El tipo de profilaxis contra el tetanos indicada tras haber sufrido una herida depende del tipo de lesion y de los antecedentes vacunales del paciente. • Una persona con una herida potencialmente puerta de entrada del tetanos, con antecedentes fiables de una primovacunacion correcta con tres dosis, solo recibira una dosis de vacuna Td si han transcurrido mas de 5 anos de la ultima dosis. • La quimioprofilaxis tras un caso de enfermedad meningococica invasiva, ademas de impedir otro caso entre los contactos estrechos, rompe la cadena de transmision de portadores sanos a susceptibles. • La PPE al sarampion esta indicada en los individuos susceptibles ante un brote de sarampion o tras el contacto accidental con un enfermo. • En la PPE de contactos de un caso de hepatitis A utilizaremos la vacuna, ya que induce una inmunidad activa y de larga duracion, y es mas asequible y facil de utilizar que la inmunoglobulina.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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