Isolated subtalar arthrodesis is well accepted for treatment of pathologic conditions of the subtalar joint associated with pain, instability, and deformity that do not respond to conservative treatment. The most frequent indications are primary talocalcaneal or posttraumatic arthrosis; congenital malformations (coalition); or inflammatory diseases. In the last years, arthroscopic subtalar arthrodesis has become an established technique in treatment of the subtalar arthrosis in the absence of deformities, misalignment and bone loss. As this technique limits soft tissue damages, it may diminish hospitalization days. However, this technique necessitates basic experience in arthroscopy of small joints and knowledge of specific anatomy.