Diseases of the cerebellum and diseases that cause signs of dysmetria or tremors occur infrequently in ruminants. A thorough neurologic examination should be performed to attempt to localize the lesion. A list of differential diagnoses can be organized in rank order based on the location of the lesion and the signalment, history,and results of physical examination. A definitive diagnosis is based on the results of diagnostic testing, response to treatment,or postmortem examination.