The myometrium, like all tissues, is home to a cadre of different kinds of leukocytes. As with other tissues, these leukocytes are presumed to contribute not only to host defense, but also to tissue remodeling and repair. The contributions of leukocytes to the specialized functions of the myometrium, however, remain almost unknown. Here, we provide an overview on this understudied aspect of myometrial physiology, with special emphasis on the potential role of myometrial leukocytes in pregnancy and parturition.