Genetics of Substance Use Disorders

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Article 01 Jul 2016 English Publisher:Elsevier BVJournal:Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, volume 25, pages 377-385 (issn: 1056-4993,

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Authors: Cassie, Yu; Jon, McClellan;

doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2016.02.002

pmid: 27338962

Genetics of Substance Use Disorders

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Abstract

Substance abuse disorders have a strong genetic component. Genetic risk factors associated with alcohol abuse include common variants in genes coding for alcohol-metabolizing enzymes and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptors. Functional missense mutations in ADH1B and ALDH2 are protective against alcohol dependence. Nicotine use disorders are associated with polymorphisms in a cluster of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on chromosome 15q24, and mutations that reduce the enzymatic activity of CYP2A6. Genetic risk factors for other illicit drug use have not been well-studied. Most genetic vulnerability toward substance use disorders remains unexplained. Future research will benefit from advanced whole-genome sequencing technologies.

Related Organizations

University of Mary
United States
University of Washington
United States

Keywords

Male, Adolescent, Genetic Linkage, Substance-Related Disorders, Mutation, Missense, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Receptors, Nicotinic, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6, Humans, Twin Studies as Topic, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study

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