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Cuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa
Article . 2011 . Peer-reviewed
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Cuadernos de Economía y Dirección de la Empresa
Article
License: CC BY NC ND
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La percepción directiva: influencia del perfil cognitivo y de factores contextuales

Authors: Santos Álvarez, María Valle; García Merino, María Teresa; Vallelado González, Eleuterio;

La percepción directiva: influencia del perfil cognitivo y de factores contextuales

Abstract

ResumenLa percepción hace referencia al proceso cognitivo a través del cual el individuo recibe información y se forma una imagen de la realidad que le rodea. Así, la percepción de los directivos que consta de dos fases (recepción e interpretación), actúa como filtro que determina cuáles son los inputs que intervienen en las decisiones empresariales. Nuestro objetivo es profundizar en el estudio de los factores que afectan a la percepción directiva. Por ello consideramos tanto factores individuales referidos a las cualidades cognitivas del directivo (perfil cognitivo del directivo) como factores contextuales referidos a las condiciones que rodean al proceso de percepción. Nuestra atención se centra especialmente en los primeros. El análisis empírico se realiza a través de un experimento controlado con potenciales directivos: alumnos universitarios. En concreto se analiza cómo perciben los individuos el efecto de un anuncio de OPA sobre la cotización de los títulos de la empresa objeto de OPA. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan cómo el proceso de percepción discurre por las dos etapas previstas (recepción e interpretación) y confirman que el estilo cognitivo individual es una de las variables más influyentes en dichas fases. Así, se comprueba que son los individuos más analistas los que son capaces de discernir entre estímulos relevantes e irrelevantes y mantienen una postura firme respecto al signo de la influencia. Por último, se constata también el efecto de la fiabilidad de la fuente y la nitidez del estímulo en las dos fases del proceso de percepción.AbstractManager's perception acts as a filter that determines what the stimuli are that shape corporate decisions. The goal of our research is to deep in the study of the factors that influence managers perception, with special emphasis on the manager cognitive profile. In particular, we analyse the phases included in the managers’ perception process (reception and interpretation) and the factors impacting such process. Thus, we consider not only individual factors related with the managers’ cognitive abilities but also contextual factors related with the characteristics of the stimuli and the source of information. An experiment involving university students was conducted for the empirical analysis. Specifically, we explore how subjects perceive the impact of takeover bid announcements on the target firm's stock price. Findings reflect how the perception process evolves along the two expected stages and bear out the importance of individual cognitive style as one of the most influential variables in the various stages. Findings also reveal that it is the more analyst individuals who are capable of distinguishing between relevant and irrelevant stimuli. Besides, the more rational subjects show the most congruent position as regards the influence of the announcement on the target stock price. Finally, the research also evidences the impact of the reliability of the source and the clarity of the stimulus on the two stages involved in the perception process.

Related Organizations
Keywords

Perfil cognitivo, Clarity of stimulus, Estímulos informativos, External stimuli, Nitidez, Manager's perception, Percepción directiva, Credibilidad, Cognitive profile, Reliability

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    popularity
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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
4
Average
Average
Average
gold