In this supplement the authors have outlined some of the important recent advances and areas for future investigation that will shape our current and future treatments of DLBCL.With a better understanding of the biology of this distinct yet heterogeneous group of diseases, we will more precisely classify the disease that each patient has and develop specific treatments to improve the results of both initial and salvage therapy. Improved classification schemas and therapeutic interventions based on specific disease biology should then lead to more effective application of both autologous and allogeneic HSCTs for these patients. It is hoped that these approaches, coupled with maintenance therapies such as those that have prolonged survival after autologous HSCT for multiple myeloma, will enhance the curability of DLBCL as well.