This work looks at how a nurse practitioner can assess, diagnose and treat a patient that presents to the Accident and Emergency (A&E) department with a sore throat. A brief look is taken at the common causes of sore throat. The reader is then introduced to a simple scoring system (McIsaac scoring) to determine whether a patient requires antibiotics to treat their sore throat. A list is then given of alternative diagnoses and how they should be treated.