Publisher Summary Behavior therapy is a general field of health improvement that deals with learned, undesirable emotional and physical behavioral responses. These undesirable responses have been practiced so much that they have become personal habits. However, the people who have these undesirable habits believe that they have little or no satisfactory control over them. Behavior therapy consists of a diverse collection of many different behavioral, as opposed to medicinal, regimens. Before beginning behavior therapy, it is important for patients/clients to be evaluated to determine if they have a learned behavioral problem alone, one plus an unrelated medical problem, a learned behavior problem as a part of a psychosomatic disorder, or a medical problem that just appears to have been learned. Behavioral assessment has three other goals, including defining the target behavioral problems; identifying the cognitive habits that are maintaining those behavioral problems; and making it possible to objectively measure therapeutic progress. To ensure the most comprehensive therapeutic results, the therapist gets a detailed personal and medical history. Effective behavior therapy produces weekly therapeutic progress, for which the popular self-assessment and objective behavioral monitoring forms are usually adequate. If weekly therapeutic progress is not happening, the patient/client should be reassessed for overlooked medical or psychiatric problems or for problems with therapeutic involvement or misunderstanding.