Publisher Summary This chapter discusses image quality. It focuses on the physical nature of the display and ways in which it can be made more compatible with both the human user and the environment in which it is placed. The advent of commercial television, the application of commercial television technology to computer-system displays, and the development of flat-panel displays have done a lot to force the development of image quality measurement techniques. At the same time, only a small number of laboratories and facilities in the United States have the capabilities to make the image quality measurements on a variety of display surfaces. Even those laboratories have some minor disagreement as to the appropriate techniques for measuring certain characteristics of the displays. Moreover, there is some disagreement as to the best image quality metric to be applied to visual displays in general. Nonetheless, a variety of image quality measurements have been made and evaluated in recent years, with a general agreement among display engineers and visual scientists that modulation transfer function-based measures are appropriate and empirically useful.