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pmid: 1739066
The force characteristics inherent in the prefabricated PG retraction spring have been shown to be efficient for controlled movement of canines. In the present investigation, this spring was analyzed with regard to its applicability for controlled retraction of the maxillary incisors. A description of the required system of moments and horizontal and vertical forces, acting at both the active (alpha) and reactive (beta) units, is presented. The three-dimensional force system generated by specific modifications of the spring was registered in a bench testing device mounted with strain gauges, and the resultant data presented in a graphic. It is concluded that the PG retraction spring can be used as a module for controlled retraction of both canines and incisors. The magnitude of horizontal and vertical forces is kept within the anticipated physiologic limits and can be identified by the shape of the activated spring. Variability of the distance between the anterior and the posterior points of force attack has no significant influence on the horizontal and vertical forces produced. Only minor clinical adjustments are needed to modify the retraction spring from canine-to-incisor retraction.
Tooth Movement Techniques, Orthodontic Brackets, Surface Properties, Reproducibility of Results, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Incisor, Calibration, Materials Testing, Maxilla, Orthodontic Wires, Humans, Orthodontic Appliance Design, Stress, Mechanical
Tooth Movement Techniques, Orthodontic Brackets, Surface Properties, Reproducibility of Results, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Incisor, Calibration, Materials Testing, Maxilla, Orthodontic Wires, Humans, Orthodontic Appliance Design, Stress, Mechanical
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 40 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |