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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao American Journal of ...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Article . 1992 . Peer-reviewed
License: Elsevier TDM
Data sources: Crossref
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Controlled retraction of maxillary incisors

Authors: Poul Gjessing;

Controlled retraction of maxillary incisors

Abstract

The force characteristics inherent in the prefabricated PG retraction spring have been shown to be efficient for controlled movement of canines. In the present investigation, this spring was analyzed with regard to its applicability for controlled retraction of the maxillary incisors. A description of the required system of moments and horizontal and vertical forces, acting at both the active (alpha) and reactive (beta) units, is presented. The three-dimensional force system generated by specific modifications of the spring was registered in a bench testing device mounted with strain gauges, and the resultant data presented in a graphic. It is concluded that the PG retraction spring can be used as a module for controlled retraction of both canines and incisors. The magnitude of horizontal and vertical forces is kept within the anticipated physiologic limits and can be identified by the shape of the activated spring. Variability of the distance between the anterior and the posterior points of force attack has no significant influence on the horizontal and vertical forces produced. Only minor clinical adjustments are needed to modify the retraction spring from canine-to-incisor retraction.

Keywords

Tooth Movement Techniques, Orthodontic Brackets, Surface Properties, Reproducibility of Results, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Incisor, Calibration, Materials Testing, Maxilla, Orthodontic Wires, Humans, Orthodontic Appliance Design, Stress, Mechanical

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    influence
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
40
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
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