The types of occupational groups studied by postlabelling include foundry, coke oven and aluminium workers, roofers, garage and terminal workers, car mechanics and chimney sweeps. There does not seem to be a direct relationship between the exposure and adduct levels. However, the postlabelling assay is sensitive enough to show adducts in apparently unexposed individuals. The origin of such adducts is unknown; in the case of aromatic adducts, the origin is likely to be environmental and/or dietary.