Abstract The chromosome set manipulation techniques of induced polyploidy, gynogenesis and androgenesis are likely to have significant applications in aquaculture. Induced triploidy is valuable for production of sterile individuals and increasing hybrid survival, and may be useful for producing individuals with increased heterozygosity. Gynogenesis (all-maternal inheritance) has considerable potential for rapid generation of inbred lines and can be used to generate all-female populations and in gene-transfer studies. Androgenesis (all-paternal inheritance) might be used for rapid generation of inbred lines, in the recovery of genotypes from cryopreserved sperm and in studying the effects of mitochondrial genotype on performance.