Partially purified neurotrophic factor (NTF) from chicken nerves comigrated with transferrin and a component in several preparations known to have neurotrophic effects on cultured skeletal muscle cells. One‐dimensional gel electrophoretograms of proteolytic fragments of NTF and fragments obtained from transferrins purified from chicken eggs, serum and embryos were indistinguishable. These purified transferrins, like NTF, all stimulated the incorporation of [3H]thymidine and supported myotube formation to a similar degree as NTF. These studies suggest that NTF is a transferrin‐like protein and that both transferrins and NTF act by initially promoting myoblast proliferation and subsequently supporting myogenesis in chick muscle cultures.