Esophageal cancer has always been subject of research for various studies. According to some authors, esophageal cancer represents the 10th leading cause of cancer in the world with a 5-year survival of 10 %. In terms of anatomopathological form of the esophageal neoplasia, the literature mainly describes two major pathological types: adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Lately there has been an increased incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The aim of the present work was to study neoangiogenesis in esophageal adenocarcinomas. The study was conducted on 40 cases diagnosed and surgically treated. Subsequently, fragment processing was performed using various immunohistochemical staining and marking with CD34 and p53 antigen. Later, quantitative measurements were performed, and images were taken using a microscope imaging system. In the end of the procedures, the professional program PRODIT 5.2. was applied. The study of the vascular system in the esophageal epithelial tumors revealed an axis consisting of three elements which have a mutual induction process: inflammatory infiltrate-neoangiogenesis-fibrosis, with significant differences between the three degrees of differentiation. A significant increase in tumor micro vascular density was present together with the increasing of the histological grading, with an inverse correlation with the degree of differentiation and directly proportional to the risk of malignancy.