Green oncology is a new conceptual and operational paradigm of oncology, which compared to the traditional biomedical model focused on the interest of a single patient and on its exclusive relationship with the doctor, represents a complex evolutionary step towards clinical activities that have to be eco-responsible of the potential current and future impact on the human, professional, structural, technological, and organizational environment, where they arise, as well as on the biosphere.Green oncology works through ethical and managerial choices that incorporate, besides the traditional criteria of efficiency and effectiveness, the criterion of cultural, economic, environmental, and social sustainability as they are fair, livable, and possible to be realized.