The specific features in behavior of the nuclei and chromatin migrating through cytomictic channels as well as in formation of micronuclei in the cereal microsporogenesis have been studied. Immunofluorescence microscopy has allowed for demonstration that the tubulin cytoskeleton does not play a significant role in the intercellular migration of nuclei. Potential involvement of the actin cytoskeleton and SUN-KASH linker complexes in cytomixis is discussed. Comparative analysis of the published and own data suggests that the cytological patterns of cytomixis in monocots and dicots are conserved. As has been shown, each higher ploidy level in the polyploid series of the family Gramineae is accompanied by an increase in the rate of cytomixis independently of individual species. The results confirm the assumption on a correlation between the rate of cytomixis, ploidy level, and genome balance.