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Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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PubMed Central
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: PubMed Central
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Surgical training in gynecological oncology using soft-embalmed human cadavers: first pilot study

Authors: Jaeger, Dariya; Hinrichs, Eric; Eichbaum, Michael; Friedrich, Michael; von Rundstedt, Friedrich-Carl; Schäfer, Sebastian D.; Schoppe, Ralf; +4 Authors

Surgical training in gynecological oncology using soft-embalmed human cadavers: first pilot study

Abstract

Abstract Context Gynecological oncology requires a high level of surgical expertise. Therefore, new options for realistic surgical training for complex surgical procedures are required. This study aimed to determine how the trainees and experts perceive the use of soft-embalmed cadavers and how realistic it is compared to training on living patients. Methods A 2-day hands-on workshop was conducted. Eight trainees were able to practice laparoscopic and open surgical skills on four soft-embalmed cadavers. The training was carried out under the supervision of four gynecological oncology experts, one uro-oncological expert in complication management, and one expert in clinical anatomy. The feedback from trainees and experts was assessed using a structured questionnaire on a 5-point Likert scale. All the procedures were performed in a fully equipped surgical environment and complied with the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Results The trainees assessed the anatomical and manipulative characteristics of the soft-embalmed cadavers as similar to real conditions. Color and consistency hardly differed from those of the live patients. The trainees stated that soft-embalmed cadavers were beneficial for learning and increased their self-confidence. In terms of realism, all surgical steps were rated a median of 4 out of 5 or higher on a Likert scale by both trainees and experts. Conclusion The use of soft-embalmed cadavers for training was perceived positively by trainees and experts. The evaluation results showed a high degree of realism compared with training on living patients. Hands-on training on soft-embalmed cadavers offers great potential as a new training method for surgical skills in gynecological oncology.

Keywords

Embalming, Gynecologic Surgical Procedures, Gynecology, Research, Cadaver, Humans, Pilot Projects, Female, Laparoscopy, Clinical Competence

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid