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Mathematical Methods of Operations Research
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Ideal equilibria in noncooperative multicriteria games

Ideal equilibria in noncooperative multicriteria games.
Authors: Mark Voorneveld; Sofia Grahn; Martin Dufwenberg;

Ideal equilibria in noncooperative multicriteria games

Abstract

The authors consider finite noncooperative multicriteria games in the form of a tuple \(G\) = \(\langle N, (X_i)_{i\in N},(u_i)_{i\in N}\rangle\) with a finite set \(N\) of players, where for \(i\in N\), \(X_i\) is a finite set of Player \(i\)'s pure strategies, and \(u_i = (u_{ik})_{k=1}^{r(i)}\) is a vector payoff function of Player \(i\) defined on \(\prod_{j\in N}X_j\) with values in \(R^{\,r(i)}\) (\(r(i)\) are finite). Let \(\Gamma\) denote the mixed extension of game \(G\) obtained in the standard way, with \(\Delta (X_i)\) as the set of Player \(i\)'s mixed strategies. For such games \(\Gamma\) a new equilibrium, called \textit{ideal equilibrium} is introduced. By definition, a strategy profile \(x\in \prod_{j\in N} \Delta (X_i)\) is an ideal equilibrium if for every Player \(i\in N\) and each \(\tilde{x}_i \in \Delta (X_i)\), \(u_i(x_i,x_{-i}) \geq u_i(\tilde{x}_i,x_{-i})\). Two main results have been shown in the paper. For \(i\in N\), let \(\Delta_{r(i)}\) be the set of nonnegative weights \(\lambda_i = (\lambda_{ik})_{k=1}^{r(i)}\) with \(\sum_{k=1}^{r(i)} \lambda_{ik} =1\). For a vector of weights \(\lambda = (\lambda_i)_{i\in N} \in \prod_{i\in N} \Delta_{r(i)}\), let \(\lambda\)-\textit{weighted game} be defined as \(G_{\lambda}\) = \(\langle N, (X_i)_{i\in N},(v_i)_{i\in N}\rangle \), where for all \(i\in N\) and \(x\in \prod_{j\in N} X_i\), \(v_i(x) = \sum_{k=1}^{r(i)}\lambda_{ik}u_{ik}(x)\). The first result says that the set \(IE(G)\) of mixed ideal equilibria of game \(G\) coincides (if nonempty) with the set \(\bigcap_{\lambda\in \Lambda}NE(G_{\lambda})\), where \(NE(G_{\lambda})\) denotes the set of (mixed) Nash equilibria of game \(G_{\lambda}\) and \(\Lambda\) is a known finite set with cardinality at most \(\max_{i\in N}r(i)\). The second main result gives an axiomatic characterization of the set \(IE(G)\). It is based on a consistency axiom. The first result is illustrated by an example of a multicriteria game with all \(r(i)=2\) which was constructed with the help of an \textit{ordinal potential game} and for which it is shown that it has a pure-strategy ideal equilibrium.

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Netherlands
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Keywords

multicriteria games, equilibrium concept, Special types of economic equilibria, \(n\)-person games, \(n>2\), ideal equilibria, Noncooperative games, Landbouwwetenschappen, Wiskunde: algemeen, Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica (WIIN), Mathematics

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
47
Top 10%
Top 10%
Average
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