Electric polarization induced by a nonhomogeneous deformation field — flexoelectricity — has been investigated in elastomers. A simple model of dipole orientation mechanism controlled by anisotropic free volume is given. The order of magnitude of the polarization to the deformation gradient ratio β predicted by the model is β ∼ 10−11 C/m. Deformation gradient was experimentally realized in a truncated pyramid cut from elastomers stressed by axial pressure. Voltage difference between the bases of the pyramids approximately proportional to the deformation gradient and depending on the direction of the gradient has been observed. The β values calculated from these experiments have the order of magnitude 10−11 or 10−11 C/m.