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Statistics of natural and urban images

Authors: Christian Ziegaus; Elmar Wolfgang Lang;

Statistics of natural and urban images

Abstract

We investigated ensembles of artificial and real-world grey-scale images to find different invariance properties: translation invariance, scale invariance and a new hierarchical invariance recently proposed by Ruderman [1]. We found that the assumption of translational invariance can be taken for granted. Our results concerning the scale invariance are qualitatively the same as those found by Ruderman [1] and others. The deviations of the distributions of the logarithmically transformed images from a Gaussian distribution cannot be seen as clearly as stated by Ruderman [1]. Depending on the preprocessing of the images the results concerning the hierarchical invariance differed widely. It seems that this new invariance can be confirmed only for logarithmically transformed images.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
3
Average
Average
Average
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