
doi: 10.1007/bf03189820
pmid: 9625266
Felodipine is a calcium antagonist, one of the dihydropyridines, with potential application in transdermal therapeutic systems (TTS). Earlier studies reported that the high lag time of this drug limited its potential development in a TTS. The present study analyzes the effect of d-limonene at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 5 and 10% on the transdermal penetration of this drug. The study was performed using a diffusion technique in vitro, with the skin of the hairless rat. d-Limonene significantly reduced the lag time (Tl) to 1.4 h at a concentration of 1% (compared with 9.8 h in its absence). Higher concentrations did not produce a significant decrease in the value of this parameter. The presence of d-limonene in the formulae produces an increase in the permeability constant (Kp) and the flux (J). The relation between this increase and the percentage of d-limonene was non-linear. An asymptotic value was obtained at a concentration of 5%, with increases of 993% and 1570% for Kp and J, respectively.
Felodipine, Terpenes, Administration, Cutaneous, Calcium Channel Blockers, Permeability, Rats, Cyclohexenes, Animals, Thermodynamics, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Limonene, Skin
Felodipine, Terpenes, Administration, Cutaneous, Calcium Channel Blockers, Permeability, Rats, Cyclohexenes, Animals, Thermodynamics, Pharmaceutical Vehicles, Limonene, Skin
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