The ubiquitous existence of cockroaches makes cockroach allergies more prevalent than previously recognized. Massive domestic infestations of the insects produce indoor air contamination, such that cockroach allergens have become an important airborne indoor allergen for patients with allergic airway diseases. Recognition and identification of cockroach allergies is necessary to guide proper management of cockroach-induced atopic diseases. Pest control is the best way of managing cockroach allergies. However, individuals who are unable to rid themselves of exposure to the insects, especially severe asthmatics, may benefit from hyposensitization. Analysis and isolation of major cockroach allergen(s) are important in order to standardize the commercially available stock of diagnostic and therapeutic treatments.