The airways in infants and children are anatomically different from adults, thus predisposing them to more acute upper airway obstruction. The causes of upper airway obstruction may be infective or non-infective. The presence of dysphonia, dysphagia, abnormal respiratory pattern, cough and abnormal posture suggests upper airway obstruction. The general management consist of supportive care with minimal invasive procedures. The specific treatment depends on the causes and is discussed in text.