It seems too obvious to need stating that, for good or ill or neutral areas of vantage, we bring to the world what the Good Book calls "gifts differing." It is well for the individual and the race that this is so, but, human life being what it is, the variety presents challenges. The good gifts we can (but don't always*) accept with rejoicing and use with profit. Those in the neutral areas are, by definition, the ones that are expected. We think of them as average, normal, unremarkable and often unnoticed; they are taken for granted as needing no special attention; they are "just OK." It is one of the, shall we say, "negative gifts" or sets of traits and its concomitants which brings us here to face the problems and appreciate the rewards of the complex we may call "language learning ineptitude, type dyslexia." As we consider the "ills that man is heir to" (and how apt is the word "heir"!), we observe that there are individuals, and often family lines, showing one type of vulnerability or another. We say "born that way," "runs in the family," or in current jargon, "is at-risk." Now if we can find wherein the real vulnerability lies and how it works we may be able to take countermeasures preventive of the damage to be caused by the "flowering of the vulnerable agent." For example, we know that the TB bacillus is the active agent in tuberculosis and that Isoniazid is its prime antidote and that active, outdoor living and good nutrition are important to prevention and cure. Patient' A comes of a TBvulnerable family. We can now be ready with the right conditions of life ahead of time for the family's young people and at the first sign we can employ a further emphasis on a health promoting regime, including medicinal treatment if necessary. There is no longer reason for that family to fear TB as a "death sentence" diagnosis as they quite properly might have until about the middle of this century. In the language area there is no active agent like a "dyslexia bacillus" with which to do battle, but rather, if the neurologists are