Based on physicochemical study of the reaction between scheelite and NaOH, a new decomposition process for scheelite and scheelite-wolframite concentrate, i. e., mechenically activating caustic decomposition has been developed, and it has been successfully used on a commercial scale in 11 tungsten plants in our country. Industrial practice has shown that a tungsten recovery higher than 98% for sheelite concentrate and 99% for scheelite-wolframite mixed concentrate is obtained, under the conditions of NaOH/WO3 mole ratio of 3.6–4.8, 160–170 °C, and it is suitable to treat almost any sort of tungsten ore concentrates, including low grade complex concentrate, and it is more effective than the traditional soda ash digestion process.