In the article under review, the statement of a nonlinear model is proposed for the case of thermoelasticity of a layered shell with respect to the interaction between layers with different physical characteristics. The specificity of a composite structure is reflected in the elasticity coefficients of the system which naturally involve the physical and mechanical characteristics of individual material substructures. The problems on the nonlinear thermoelastic deformation of a layered cylindrical composite shell under the action of power and temperature pulses are realized numerically. The data obtained are analyzed and practical recommendations on their use are given.