For many years the workplace has been a major setting in which help is provided for employees with alcohol and drug abuse problems. Historically these efforts have focused on intervention and treatment--secondary and tertiary programming. Now it is time for primary prevention to be included to a much greater degree. From early AA groups organized by fellow workers to the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) and its occupational alcoholism programs in every state, the business world has for many years provided resources to intervene with employees and their substance abuse; it has become increasingly recognized that alcohol and other drug use behaviors are costly, in both economic and human terms, to a company, its customers and its employees in general. Another important milestone has been the development of employee assistance programs (EAPs), which train supervisors to document and confront employees' work performance and direct them to consultation, assessment and help through a company or union sponsored EAP. In more recent years, this approach has become "broadbrush," that is, it encompasses a range of often interrelated problems affecting an employee's work productivity. These can include family and marital problems, mental health issues, gambling, and various other disorders, as well as substance abuse. Traditionally EAPs focused on intervention and treatment. A few companies included some primary prevention activities, but the development of the health promotion and wellness movement, as well as escalating health care costs, have spurred a focus on primary prevention. Drug and alcohol abuse prevention grew as a field in the 1970's and 1980's, but the target audience was primarily youth. However, it became