The aim of the present paper is to report on the frequency of pyelocalyceal diverticula and the relation to other renal abnormalities in 5000 routine IVPs. Pyelocalyceal diverticula are mostly occasional findings and they usually cause symptoms when complicated by inflammation or stones. These complications will characterize the symptoms. There is an indication for surgical treatment when the diverticula are complicated by stones or inflammation which fail to respond to simple antibiotic treatment. According to our experience, the removal of the diverticulum bearing renal segment is a safe procedure with good postoperative results.