A case of neurofibroma of the bladder neck is reported. The first description of neurofibroma was published in 1882 by yon Recklinghausen. This tumor develops usually in great numbers along cutaneous nerves and with "caf6 au lait" spots, skeletal developmental anomalies and mental retardation it is a manifestation of yon Recklinghausen's disease [1, 4, 6]. The tumor may develop in every nerve, including even the autonomic system, and its inheritance is mendelian as a dominant trait. Some authors include this disease into the group of phacomatoses because of its heritability, or to the group of neurodermatoses because of the ectodermal origin of tumors [3 ]. The tumors are essentially benign, develop from nerve sheaths in every possible part of the organism, including the cranial cavity and nerve roots at the site of their emergence from the spinal cord. Three forms of the disease are known: limited neurofibromatosis, superficial generalized neurofibromatosis, and deep neurofibromatosis, which differ in morphological features and topography. Deeply situated tumors have a more complex structure. The tumors in the spinal cord canal and cranial cavity form cavities [1 ]. The occurrence of neurofibromas in small pelvic organs is rare and in such cases manifestations of intestinal tract or urinary tract involvement prevail in the clinical pictures of the disease [5]. Neurofibromas of the urinary tract are the least frequent. The first such case was reported in 1878 by Gerhardt who described a neurofibroma of the bladder neck found at autopsy [4, 6]. Single cases of such tumors present in the prostate, urethra, funiculus spermaticus, tunica albuginea of the testis, penis, ureter and bladder can be found in the literature [1 ]. Deep neurofibromas were formerly called ganglioneuromas, since they grew from the vesicoprostatic plexus [7]. Bladder neurofibromas are very rare, they may be single or multiple. Melikov found no neurofibroma in a material of 2500 bladders with tumors. This type of bladder tumor is only rarely associated with other manifestations of yon Recklinghausen's disease. In a group of 22 patients with bladder neurofibromas a full clinical picture of the disease was found in only 7 cases [2]. Treatment of neurofibromas, especially when they cause organ dysfunction, is exclusively surgical [6].