Based on the observation of 11 patients (10 males and 1 female), the occurrence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in two new geographic areas of Romania is reported. Two patients died within several hours after admission. The other nine recovered gradually. In four patients hemodialysis was necessary. A complete recovery of renal functions one year after onset could be proved in four patients. The clinical, laboratory, morphopathological (necroptic and bioptic), epidemiologic and evolutive characteristics of the disease, especially the main features supporting the diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, are discussed.