Before 1969, urogenital tuberculosis (UGT) was not listed as a separate disease in the official medical statistics of Sweden. In 1969 and 1970 the number of new cases of active UGT was 1.7 and 1.5 per 100,000 inhabitants, respectively. These figures, which refer to Sweden, are among the lowest reported in the literature. The incidence of UGT in two Swedish counties during the 10-year period 1960–1969 was studied. In a northern county, an average of 4 new cases of active UGT per 100,000 inhabitants per year was registered; in a county in the central part of Sweden, the corresponding figure was about 2. During the whole period, the number of new cases was almost constant from year to year in both counties.